Major Events Around the Korean Peninsula
(February 21, 1999 ~ May 22, 1999)

February
22 Japanese Prime Minister Keizo Obuchi meets with visiting Russian Foreign Minister       Igor Ivanov, expressing his expectation that Japan and Russia can seal a peace       treaty by 2000.

      SK fishing vessels resume operation in Japan's EEZ, following a month-long       suspension. Under the new SK-Japan fisheries accord, which was fully       implemented February 6, SK must reduce its total fishing catches in Japan's EEZ       from 220,000 tons per year to 149,000 tons this year, while Japan is required to cut       its total catches from 110,000 tons to 93,700 tons, the Korea Herald reports.

23 Russian Foreign Minister Igor Ivanov makes it clear that it is not currently possible to       make a final decision concerning the South Kurils and to sign a peace treaty on that       basis before the end of year 2000, when he visits Tokyo.

24 SK President Kim Dae-jung proposed resolving all outstanding political, security       and economic issues with NK simultaneously in what he called a "package deal".

25 About 200 NK defectors inaugurate an interest group, the Association of North       Korean Defectors. Hwang Jang-yop, a former secretary of the leading NK Worker's       Party, has joined the association as honorary president. The association, headed       by Kim Duk-hong, an aide to Hwang, plans to promote a campaign to donate       daily necessities to NK defectors in PRC and Russia.

      SK President Kim Dae-jung grants a large-scale special amnesty and releases       some 8,000 prisoners on February 25 to mark the one-year anniversary of his       presidential inauguration, including 17 long-term political prisoners convicted of       spying for NK. Justice Minister Park Sang-cheon indicates the government may       allow NK nationals to return home in exchange for about 300 SK POWs captured       during the 1950-53 Korean War and believed to still be held in NK.

26 NK officials are taking a World Bank-funded UNDP training program. This is the first       joint North Korea-IBRD program, and the IBRD will participate in NK development       program on humanitarian grounds, World Bank President James Wolfensohn       announces.

      Japan decided on February 25 that it will deter NK from launching another       ballistic missile by announcing the fact, should the government detect a       probability of a NK missile launch, the Yomiuri Shimbun reports.

27 The Hyundai Group's tourism project to Mt. Kumgang on NK east coast will likely to       expand to Mt. Paekdu and Chilbo in the near future, the Korea Herald reports.

      US special envoy Charles Kartman and NK Deputy Foreign Minister Kim Gye-gwan       open a fifth round of talks in New York on an underground site at Kumchang-ri.
March
1  US Secretary of State Madeleine Albright meets PRC Foreign Minister Tang Jiaxuan      and Premier Zhu Rongji.

     NK denies a SK report that it has lost millions of people to famine over the last four      years. KCNA said that the NK Central Statistics Bureau and the United Nations      Population Fund concluded in 1993 that the nation's population was 21,213,000,      adding that its population would expand to 23 million by 2000.

2  SK President Kim Dae-jung expresses a strong wish to hold summit talks with NK in      an interview with KBS, adding his government is ready to donate NK free fertilizer in      time for rice transplanting this Spring, in an attempt to induce NK to join negotiations.

3   ARF meeting is held in Bangkok for 3 days conference. It is the second of a two-part      series of meetings of the Confidence-Building Measures Group that began in      Honolulu on November 4-6, 1998.

     US CIA counterproliferation official John Lauder told the House Intelligence      Committee that the threat of biological warfare and terrorism is rising. He added      that about a dozen nations, including NK, are developing or already possess      offensive biological weapons, the Associated Press reports.

5  A Japanese Diet member of the LIberal Democratic Party, Masaaki Nakayama, and      the president of Chosun Shinbo, the organ of the pro-Pyongyang General      Association of Korean Residents in Japan, Kim Won-taek, fly to Pyongyang.

     A NK foreign ministry spokesman blasts a 1999 human rights report by the US State      Department, critical of human rights abuses in NK.

     NK deployed Rodong missiles with a range of 620 miles near the border of the      PRC, Japan's Sankei newspaper reports. The paper said that a total of about 30      Rodong missiles have been deployed in several unidentified sites in NK.

     PRC President Jiang Zemin and former US Defense Secretary William Perry meet.

8  NK held elections for new people's assemblies under the central government's direct      control to restructure local governing offices in line with last September's      constitutional revision. A total of 29,442 were elected, and 99.9 percent of eligible      voters took part in the elections, with 100 percent casting "aye" votes for the      recommended candidates, the NK Central Election Guidance Committee      announces.

     Since 1990, the rate of civilian defectors from NK has risen to 94 percent with 338,      and that of soldiers has dropped to 6 percent with 22 laborers accounted for 146 (24      percent) of the civilian defectors before 1990. Since then, the rate has rise to 52      percent with 186, indicating that the North's worsening economy drove them to      escape to the South, the MOU announces.

     William Perry, the US policy coordinator on NK, arrives in Seoul.

9  Russia will deliver a total of $16.53 million in armored vehicles and ground-to-air      missiles to SK as part of their in-kind payment for an economic cooperation fund      provided by the SK government 1993, the Chosun Ilbo reports.

     The NIS announces that NK is believed to be holding 685 SK citizens who were      either kidnapped or taken as POW. The NIS also states about 231 SK prisoners of      war are being held in mining areas, including Hambuk province. It adds that NK has      kidnapped 3,756 SK citizens, most of them fishermen, of whom 3,302 returned      home, while 454 are still being held in NK.

     UN Command and NK holds a generals' level meeting at Panmunjom to discuss      preparedness for Y2K computer problems.

     William Perry arrives Japan.

10 The US ambassador to SK, Steven W. Bosworth, states that the US is seriously      considering lifting sanctions on NK, adding his opinion does not mean a change of      US policy, the JoongAng Ilbo reports.

12 KCNA denies that its weapons systems could be at risk of malfunctioning due to the      millennium bug.Kim Sun-kil, SK minister of maritime affairs and fisheries, meets with      his Japanese counterpart, Shoichi Nakagawa, in Tokyo to help resolve the      deadlocked fisheries talks.

     Thailand Foreign Minister Surin Pitsuwan delivers an official protest to the NK      Embassy over the attempted abduction of NK diplomat Hong Sun-kyong and      demands the immediate release of Hong's son.

     The Social Science College of Seoul National University (SNU) announces that it      had decided to invite two NK scholars to attend the Second Conference of Social      Science on May 6 and 7th. It is the first time that SNU officially applied for a scholarly      exchange with NK scientists.

15 A MOFAT official said that SK is considering establishing a fund to help NK's      development within the IBRD and ADB, the JoongAng Ilbo reports.

     Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Grigory Karasin flies into Pyong-yang.

16 NK and the US sign an accord in New York on a US inspection of a suspicious      northern underground site in Kumchang-ri.

17 NK and Russia initial in Pyong-yang a treaty of friendship, good-neighborliness and      cooperation.

18 The US House of Representatives passes a bill committing the US to deploy a      missile defense system. The bill is approved by a vote of 317-105.

20 NK Vice Minister of Physical Culture and Sports said at the IOC headquarters      that holding World Cup games in Pyongyang is "politically and realistically" difficult.

     SK President Kim Dae-jung and Japanese Prime Minister Keizo Obuchi hold      summit talks in Seoul.

22 The first Russian-Korean Forum holds at the Diplomatic Academy of the Russian      Foreign Ministry.

     The US announces 200,000 tons of new food aid to NK. The WFP will receive      100,000 tons of US corn and corn soya blend worth $35 million, while US private aid      groups will deliver the remaining 100,000 tons as part of a food-for-work project. The      latter shipment, part of a pilot potato-growing aid program, marks the first time      Washington has given direct bilateral aid to NK.

23 NK hands over to Thai authorities Hong Won-myong, the son of former NK diplomat      Hong Sun-kyong.

24 A SK official said NK has at least four missile factories and 10 missile launch sites,      and NK exported 250 missiles worth $580 million to countries including Iran and the      United Arab Emirates between 1987 and 1992, the Yonhap News Agency reports.

     SK Unification Minister Kang In-duk announces that his ministry will strive to create a      favorable environment for the reopening of inter-Korean dialogue in the second half      of this year.

25 NK has at least four missile factories and is building additional bases to add to the      10 it already has, quoting a SK official, the Yonhap News Agency reports.

26 Japanese government officially confirms that the boats encroaching into its territorial      waters were NK spy vessels.

29 Former US President Jimmy Carter visits for the first time Taipei since he broke off      official US-Taiwan relations on January 1, 1979.

     KNRC sents 5,000 tons of fertilizer worth 1.6 billion won (about US$1.3 million) to      NK. The shipment is the first since the KNRC had promised March 18 to donate up      to 100,000 tons of fertilizer to NK.

     NK and the US hold a fourth round of missile talks in Pyongyang lasting two days.

     The THAAD antimissile missile failed for the sixth time to hit its target in a test, the      Associated Press reports.

30 A white paper on unification is released by the SK government. According to the      paper, SK and NK are connected by 29 direct phone lines and 14 lines wired      through a third country. The number of those who visited NK last year, exclude Mt.      Kumgang tourists, stood at 3,317, up from the 1,015 in 1997. Nearly 40,000 SK      citizens have toured Mt. Kumgang since the tourism deal was reached in November      1998.

31 NK is expected to send hundreds of leading officials overseas to learn about market      economics this year, SK Unification Minister Kang In-duk says. Last year,      Pyongyang sent 110 ranking officials to Western countries to learn about      capitalism, and this year, they plan to dispatch more officials to George      Washington University in US, Shanghai and Australia, he adds.
April
2  NK is currently in the process of relocating some 2 million residents in Pyongyang      and provincial cities to rural areas, NIS announces. Under the project, about 1 million      of Pyongyang's 3.61 million residents will be forcibly moved to rural areas by 2003,      and 1 million in provincial cities will also be relocated by 2001.

     KEPCO president Chang Young-sik announces that it wants to go forward with its      plan to install a 100,000kw power plant in Pyongyang.

5  KCNA announces that US technical experts visited Pyongyang from Wednesday      through Saturday last week to discuss technical matters related to a planned      inspection of the underground construction.

7  The SPA of NK approves a new budget, totaled 20.38 billion won ($9.39 billion      based on the official exchange rate of 2.17 won to the US dollar), which is less than      half of its budget of 1994.

8  The visiting PRC Premier Zhu Rongji meets US President Bill Clinton at the White      House.

9  The KCNA states that it would continue exporting its missiles unless it received      compensation from the US.

11 Indian Defense Minister George Fernandes announces that India tested an      intermediate-range Agni II missile that traveled more than 1,250 miles in 11 minutes.

     The first Egyptian President to visit SK, Mohamed Hosni Mubarak, committed      himself to working as an impartial mediator between the two Koreas to promote      peace and security on the Korean peninsula in a summit with SK President Kim      Dae-jung, the Korea Times reports.

     The NIS issued that NK has refined 50 tons of opium and 5 tons of morphine and      heroin. These narcotics are being smuggled into SK via fishing vessels, the Chosun      Ilbo reports.

12 NK is seeking to normalize diplomatic ties with the Philippines in the hope of joining      the ARF. The Philippines is the only ASEAN member nation with which NK has no      diplomatic relations.

     The Russian Navy Pacific Commander visits the Japanese Defense Agency as a      part of Japan-Russia defense exchanges.

13 The SK Defense Ministry an-nounces that SK is considering accepting submarines      from Russia as payment for Russia's $1.7 billion debt.

14 Pakistan test-fires a new Ghauri II ballistic missile, which has a range of 1,240 miles      and can carry a payload of 2,200 pounds of either conventional or nuclear      explosives.

15 NK has earned $1.5 million since opening its flight information region to international      airlines a year ago. A total of 2,154 aircraft used the NK airspace between April 23      last year and the end of March this year, the Korea Times reports.

19 An official at the Ministry of National Defense confirmed the protest by the US      government over its possible violation of the letter of understanding prohibiting SK      from developing missiles with a range exceeding 180km, and said that SK stresses      the missile flew only 50 km, and therefore did not violate any US-SK agreement.

     Rodong Sinmun blasts the US, saying it is likely to attack NK next, after attacking      Yugoslavia. It points to recent joint military exercises conducted by the US and SK as      evidence for a US scheme to provoke a war of aggression.

     The SK Minister of Unification, Kang In-duk, announces that economic cooperation      between NK and SK is showing signs of recovery. The trade between SK and NK as      of the end of February this year was $35.24 million, a 65.4 percent increase over the      same period last year, while last year's total trade was $221.94 million dollars, down      28 percent from the year before.

20 The Secretary General of Japan¤£ Liberal Democratic Party, Yoshiro Mori,      proposed to a senior US official that Japan and Russia be allowed to participate in      the four-party peace talks in a meeting at the LDP headquarters in Tokyo, a Kyodo      news reports.

     The USS Kitty Hawk, an aircraft carrier operating in the Pacific Ocean, was ordered      to the Persian Gulf on April 3 to allow the USS Theodore Roosevelt to join the NATO      airstrikes on Yugoslavia, the Associated Press reports.

21 Japanese Defense Agency spokesman Kazuji Tanaka says that Japan and SK will      hold a joint naval exercise in August as a first step in increasing bilateral military      cooperation, the Associated Press reports.

22 The SK government is preparing for the National Assembly's formal approval on the      3,500 billion won (US$3.22 billion) allotment in the NK light-water reactor project,      the JoongAng Ilbo reports.

25 Lim Dong-won, senior foreign affairs aide to SK President Kim Dae-jung, Kato      Liojo, general chief of the Japanese Department of Foreign Affairs, and William      Perry held a top-level policy cooperation meeting in Honolulu, Hawaii from April 23-     25.

26 SK President Kim Dae-jung tells an eight-member Russian delegation led by Duma      Speaker Gennady Seleznyov that SK would welcome any role that Russia could play      in promoting peace on the Korean peninsula.

27 Czech pianist Hana Dvorakova played a recital at Panmunjom in the demilitarized      zone. The concert was organized by the Swedish, Swiss and Polish Delegations to      the Neutral Nations Supervisory Commission and the Czech Embassy.

     David Morton, the WFP representative in Pyongyang, announces that NK distributed      the last of the fall harvest with early April's monthly food ration of 3 1/2 pounds of      grain, adding that most NK citizens can now expect little food until the first crops are      harvested in June.

     The fifth plenary session of the four-party talks, chaired by the US, finished its four-     day session in Geneva. Delegations of the four parties, NK, PRC, SK, and US also      held the two subcommittees - tension reduction on the Korean peninsula and the      establishment of a peace regime - for two days.

     The lower house of Japan's Diet passes a bill package for implementing the New      Japan-US Defense Guidelines.

29 Japanese Prime Minister begins his six-day trip to the US.

30 The CFK reveals that NK has shown a noticeable rise in training and in the amount      of communication exchanged from these bases, and so the possibility of NK      attacking by sea has increased. However, CFK also reports that this year's winter      training, conducted from December 1998 to March 1999, was half the size of last      year's, due to lack of fuel, reductions in food provisions, and increase in the number      of soldiers involved in rebuilding the economy.

31 The Hyundai Maritime Shipping's 4,400-ton freighter "Hyundai Duke" collides with      the NK cement carrier "Manpok" in international waters 500 miles from Sri Lanka.
May
1  Former Australian Foreign Minister Gareth Evans flies into Pyongyang to discuss the      NK food shortage and other bilateral issues of concern for four days.

2  The SK Ministry of Justice announces that it plans to allow ethnic Koreans in the PRC      and Russia with longterm resident visas to freely enter and exit SK for the duration of      their visa.

3  NK's most famous restaurant, Okryu-kwan, opens a branch in Seoul to serve its      famous cold buckwheat noodle, "naengmyon." It is the first NK business in SK.

4  Japanese Foreign Ministry announces that Japan has signed a contract to lend $1      billion to the KEDO.

     Li Peng, chairman of the National People's Congress Standing Committee of China      meets with a Japanese delegation from the Dietmen's League for Japan-China      Friendship, led by Director-General Machimura Nobutaka.

     SK Defense Ministry announces that the SK and Japan have established three hot      lines to share information in the event of a military emergency on the Korean      peninsula.

     SK government reaffirmed that it has no plans to join the TMD program, the Korea      Herald reports. The report also shows skepticism that the TMD plan cannot      effectively intercept a barrage of NK's short-range missiles flying into Seoul.

5  US President Bill Clinton suggested his reluctance about visiting Japanese Prime      Minister Keizo Obuchi's six-party talks, the Sankei Shimbun reports.

     The KCTU announces that it has agreed with NK General Federation of Korean      Trade Unions to hold a soccer match on August 10 in Pyongyang and another one a      year later in Seoul.

6  PRC Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhu Bangzao calls on the US to exclude Taiwan      from a planned TMD system, the Associated Press reports.

     The US recently held an exercise of Noncombatant Evacuation Operations to      evacuate US civilians in case of a crisis on the Korean peninsula, the Associated      Press reports.

7  SK President Kim Dae-jung, in a recent interview with the Le Monde, urged Japan to      compensate NK for its past colonial rule of Korea to smooth the way for talks to      normalize relations, the Korea Herald reports. It was first time that an SK President      had publicly and directly called on Japan to make compensation to NK.

8  UN Security Council holds an emergency meeting to discuss the NATO bombing of      the PRC Embassy.

9  Chinese students broke into the US embassy compound in Beijing on the second      day of nationwide protests over NATO's bombing of the PRC embassy.

10 A shipment of 100 kilograms of philopon apparently produced in NK has been      seized by a joint team of SK and Japanese investigators at an SK port, the Korea      Herald reports.

     NK made its famine figures public for the first time, showing that the mortality rate in      NK had risen from 6.8 per 1,000 people in 1995 to 9.3 per 1,000 in 1998, NK Food      Damage Rehabilitation Committee acting director Jun In-chen announces.

11 NK and the PRC reportedly agreed on the establishment of a NK Consulate General      in Hong Kong this year to commemorate the 50th anniversary of NK-PRC diplomatic      relations, the Korea Times reports.

     Tun Myat, director of resources for the WFP, said that the worst of the NK famine      may have passed, adding that food aid is getting to those who need it and that NK is      now producing alternative foods to prevent "mega-deaths," the Associated Press      reports.

13 NK has been frequently affected by warm, dry winds from the west in this year. The      east coast cities of Chongjin, Wonsan, and Hamhung have had no rain at all for the      past three or four months, KCNA announces.

     SK Foreign Affairs-Trade Minister Hong Soon-young starts a five-day trip to the US      to consult with US officials on how to convey a comprehensive package of initiatives      to NK.

14 Six US soldiers killed during the Korean War were discovered by a joint US-NK      search team return.

18 A 15-member team of US nuclear experts begins the inspection of the underground      construction site at Kumchang-ri in NK.


19 Hyundai plans to send its economic cooperation team to NK and to hold final      negotiations on building a roofing tile factory around Mt. Kumkang, the JoongAng      Ilbo reports.

     US Air Force deployed 12 F-15E aircraft to SK to step up its defense readiness on      the Korean peninsula, in light of the US aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk's redeployment      due to the Kosovo crisis, the Korea Times reports.

21 Russia is going to resume supplying crude oil to NK this year after having stopped      shipments for the past four years, the JoongAng Ilbo reports.
ABBREVIATIONS
ADB Asia Development Bank
ARF ASEAN Regional Forum
CFK Combined Forces Korea
CIA Central Intelligence Agency
EEZ exclusive economic zone
IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Devel-opment
IOC International Olympic Com-mittee
KCNA (North) Korean Central News Agency
KCTU (South) Korean Confedera-tion of Trade Unions
KEDO Korean Peninsula Energy Development Organization
KEPCO Korean Electric Power Cor-poration
KNRC (South) Korean National Red Cross
KOTRA Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency
MOFAT Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of South Korea
MOU Ministry of Unification of South Korea
NIS National Intelligence Service of SK
NK North Korea
POW non-governmental organizations
PRC National Reconciliation Council of NK
SK South Korea
SPA Supreme People's Assembly of NK
THAAD Theater High Altitude Area Defense
TMD Theater Missile Defense
UNDP United Nations Development Programme
WFP World Food Programme